English composition II Unit 5 Db Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English creation II Unit 5 Db - Essay Example Mine was a diagnostic research paper, thus, I brought to the table the scholastic network a new gander at the basic issue I was inquiring about. Moreover, the subject was not questionable, and that is the motivation behind why I needed to convince the crowd on the significance of my thoughts. Picking a subject was my subsequent stage, and I additionally expressed my working theory explanation educate regarding an inquiry, since I was managing an expository research paper. Real research followed, whereby, I needed to search for different sources so as to get data. I found that essential sources are superior to auxiliary sources, since they empower a scientist to draw near to the source as could reasonably be expected (Experiment-Resources.com, 2009). A portion of the essential sources I utilized included meetings, which are profoundly compelling. Then again, I utilized auxiliary sources, for example, papers, magazines, articles, diaries, sites and books. I read over all the sources and took exceptional notes. Also, I included page numbers and web connects on all fundamental data I ran over. The following thing was drafting a layout, which incorporated the proposal proclamation, realities and central matters, just as proof supporting the primary concerns. I additionally bolstered my declarations with sources, both essential and auxiliary. I later composed an unfinished copy, which contained three sections; presentation, body and end. The subsequent stage was incredibly essential since it included modifying and altering the examination paper to get a last draft. I read through the paper multiple times and ensured all attestations were upheld by sources. Also, I guaranteed that there was a change between the primary concerns and no detail was forgotten about. I checked syntax, spelling, accentuation and word decision mistakes. I concentrated on the outward presentation of the content in order to do successful altering of the exploration paper. In

Overview of Political Geography

Outline of Political Geography Political topography is a part of human geology (the part of geology worried about understanding the universes culture and how it identifies with geographic space) that reviews the spatial dispersion of political procedures and how these procedures are affected by ones geographic area. It frequently contemplates neighborhood and national decisions, universal connections and the political structure of various regions dependent on topography. History of Political Geography Politische Geographie Another early hypothesis in political topography was the heartland hypothesis. In 1904, Halford Mackinder, a British geographer, built up this hypothesis in his article, The Geographical Pivot of History. As a piece of this hypothesis, Mackinder said that world would be isolated into a Heartland comprising of Eastern Europe, a World Island made up of Eurasia and Africa, Peripheral Islands, and the New World. His hypothesis said that whoever controlled the heartland would control the world. Both Ratzel and Mackinders speculations stayed significant previously and during World War II. When of the Cold War, their hypotheses and the significance of political topography started to decay and different fields inside human geology started to create. In the late 1970s in any case, political topography again started to develop. Today political geology is viewed as one of the most significant parts of human topography and numerous geographers study an assortment of fields worried about political procedures and geology. Fields inside Political Geography European Union Present day political patterns likewise affect political geology and as of late sub-themes concentrated on these patterns include created inside political topography. This is known as basic political geology and incorporates political topography concentrated on thoughts identified with women's activist gatherings and issues gay and lesbian just as youth networks. Instances of Research in Political Geography Ellen Churchill Semple Today political topography is likewise a claim to fame bunch inside the Association of American Geographers and there is a scholarly diary called Political Geography. A few titles from ongoing articles in this diary incorporate Redistricting and the Elusive Ideals of Representation, Climate Triggers: Rainfall Anomalies, Vulnerability and Communal Conflict in Sub-Saharan Africa, and Normative Goals and Demographic Realities. To become familiar with political topography and to see themes inside the subject visit the Political Geography page here on Geography at About.com.

Money Psychology The Inner Game of Mastering Money

Money Psychology The Inner Game of Mastering Money Money â€" one of the most difficult subjects to talk about and to master.Some might even say it’s the root of all evil and the cause of most of our problems.But what is really behind our money problems?Is it just an economic problem and our inability to spend less than we earn or could there be something more psychological going on?MONEY PROBLEMS ARE NOT ECONOMIC PROBLEMSThe key thought behind the concept of money psychology relies on the controversial notion that money problems people have are not economic problems.What this means is that the solution to solving money problems is not achieved by having more money â€" in short, you can’t think you can fix money issues with money because the problem is not economic in the first place.Having more money does not solve the problem.Sure, the above can be a bit difficult to believe at first. But think about the examples of lottery winners.There have been countless examples around the world of people winning more money than they could p ossible need, only to find themselves in money trouble later on.It’s a drastic example but it goes to the heart of this idea of money being more about your mind than the number on your bank account.Even when the lottery winners had a lot of money to solve their problems, they couldn’t do it â€" in some cases they even found themselves feeling more depressed and in deeper money problems.A person who never had debt could well find him or herself in a position of bank loans after a lottery win and a few sour investment deals.With the above comes the idea that people like Tony Robbins and Leo Gura have been talking about: money problems are psychological.Since your behavior with money is not linked to the amount of money you have, but rather the psychological approach you have, the solutions cannot be economical.You will solve your issues with money and learn to master money when you identify and solve your emotional approach to money.Now, before I continue to outline the psychologi cal problems we tend to have with money and the solutions to mastering money, it’s important to note what the above is not saying.Even though money issues are not economical, it doesn’t mean they are not real â€" the debt you have or the problem you have with spending money are real problems requiring fixing.It’s just that the fix isn’t about throwing more money on your way, but rather changing your attitude to Money.LEARN ABOUT YOUR STORY OF MONEYThe key to unlocking your money problems starts with understanding your relationship with money.You essentially have a relationship with money or a story you’ve created around money.The statements and stories we can find ourselves telling about money can be something like:Money is always short.More money will solve my problems.I’m so bad at understanding what things are worth.I will be happy once the mortgage is paid.Only the super lucky people will become rich in life.And so on. The stories are the dialogues you’ve created a nd the set beliefs you have about money, which then directly influence the way you deal with money.You might, for example, tell yourself money is not something you can obtain in abundance because only a few have it. This internal belief will then guide your decision-making.The interesting thing about the money story is how it often comes directly from our childhood.Studies have shown our attitudes to money are often directly related to the experiences we had as children â€" more specifically in terms of how we experienced our parents’ money attitudes.Our parents’ behavior and attitude to money can influence us in two distinct ways. You can:Follow your parents’ attitude directly â€" Your dad was a big spender and so you turn out to be one as an adult.Follow the opposite path to your parents â€" Instead of splashing out money like your dad, you take the opposite approach and hold on to your money as tightly as you can.These stories and behaviors are the problems for our money pr oblems. We either copy the bad habits of our parents or we try to compensate by going to the other extreme with our behavior.The key to understanding is how your money problems and attitudes to money are not often your own development but a cause of your surroundings and the internal story you’ve been writing about money.When it comes to understanding what your story about money is â€"what it means to you and where the problems come from â€" you need to answer a few important and often difficult questions.Here’s a list of the question you need to understand in order to understand your money psychology:What does money mean to me?What was my family’s attitude to money?What are my most evident money struggles?What are the things I fear about money?What are my ideological beliefs about money?When do I play the victim in terms of money?Why do I think I haven’t mastered money yet?Answering these questions will start revealing to you the inner discussion you have about money.Perhap s you feel you’ll never be able to have enough money or you think money is abundant and you shouldn’t worry about it.Identifying your relationship with money and noticing how much of it might be a result of what your parents did can help you create your own story instead.You can realize those money problems aren’t economic, but more a result of the stories you’ve been telling yourself.You might realize that your desire to keep saving more and more is a result of your mother spending money and leaving the whole family to suffer as a consequence.THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS STOPPING YOUR FROM MASTERING MONEYThe narratives you’ve built often lead to a cycle of behaviors and attitudes that keep reinforcing the story and worsening your money problems.The reason you don’t master money is a combination of the following psychological problems: fear, limiting beliefs, a sense of victimhood, and either procrastination or sense of urgency about money.FearFear is perhaps the most comm on emotion we have when it comes to money. Think, for example, a moment when your dishwasher/car/fridge/TV broke and you suddenly realized you had to pay for this extra expense?You probably felt a surge of panic wash over you.Not knowing if you have enough money to pay the bills creates the same kind of ‘fight of flight’ reaction as we used to experience roaming around on the plains and hearing the bushes move. Money problems can seem life ending and impossible to solve.However, the problem with fear is that it affects your performance.If you make money decisions based on fear, you’re not rationalizing the situation.You’re not making an informed decision on the topic because youre just afraid the worst might happen.You allow money to essentially have a much bigger hold on what you do than you should.Two main psychological money problems stem from fear. These are:Emotional spending â€" Your fear of things causes you to spend more money, as you use it to feel safer. You might be afraid that people will leave you or stop loving you if you don’t shower them with material gifts and so you spend a lot. You might feel scared about your loss of a job that you try to throw money at the problem â€" you apply to courses, you buy new outfits for interviews and so on. You’re afraid and your reaction is to solve the problem with money.Emotional hoarding â€" The opposite reaction caused by fear can be about hoarding money. You are so afraid of not having any money that you keep saving it and avoiding any kind of spending, even when it might have the potential to make you more money. This will lead you to lose out on opportunities and ultimately lead you to have a less fulfilling life â€" you don’t do anything that would cost money because you are afraid of the ‘what if’.These fears then result in limiting beliefs â€" stories we keep telling ourselves that lead us to make bad money decisions.Limiting beliefsYou might also have limiting beliefs in your head a bout money, which keep you from mastering money.These are deep-rooted in those narratives you’ve created around money based on your childhood experiences â€" your adult experiences can then reinforce these beliefs further.There are a number of different falsehoods we tell ourselves about money, but the most obvious things include things like:The economy is not good enough for me to make money.The corporations have all the power â€" a single individual can’t do anything.My career path doesn’t offer me enough options to make money, I’m in disadvantage when it comes to other people and their careers.Not everyone in the world can be rich, that’s not how money works.I don’t make more because my boss and the people around me just don’t appreciate me enough or they are greedy.As I’ve said, these attitudes often stem from childhood and they are reinforced by things we see around us, and which we interpret according to our narrative.For example, if you thought money is evil a nd that only greedy and bad people make it, the 2008 crash might have reinforced your idea of evil bankers using the ‘common people’.Whatever the causes are, you still somehow associate money at the centre of your belief and give it the same evil narrative.Instead of thinking it’s just some bad apples in a basket behaving atrociously, you think money itself is bad.Why do we hold on to these beliefs?Well, it’s hard to get rid of a storyline that’s deep-rooted in your mind.But the beliefs are also reinforced by misunderstandings â€" for instance, you might not know enough about the company’s finances to be certain your boss isn’t giving you a raise and feel it’s just because he hates you â€" and our fears.The idea of staying poor might seem scary and so we feel we need to blame the industry, the company or the economy for this sick feeling we have in our stomach.Which leads to the third psychological problem: playing the victim.Playing the victimIt is quite easy to bla me the victim, isn’t it?It’s such an automated response, again caused by the fight or flight reaction we get when we perceive to be under threat. When a boss complains to you about missing the deadline, you probably come up with an excuse and blame it on something else â€" or, at least, think to yourself that it wasn’t really your fault.When it comes to money, we love to play the victim.We have tons of excuses for why money is a struggle for us â€" the economy is not good now or the company we work for is just bad at appreciating real talent.It’s so much easier to feed the narrative money is somehow against you, instead of owning up to your own situation.You are stuck in your job because the economy is bad and there’s nothing else out there, not because you don’t educate yourself further or actively look for roles outside of your comfort zone.Playing the victim is an emotional excuse for being scared and stepping up. It is scary to think you just need to stop working and go back to school to take more control of your money situation.Of course, it seems spooky to start a business and not know what is going to happen. It feels more comfortable to just sulk and say the economy is stopping you from achieving your true potential.Leo Gura has made a great video about victimhood and how you can get past it. The video is over an hour long, but definitely worth watching at some point: Playing the victim tends to lead to two further psychological problems we have with money: excessive procrastination or a sense of immediacy.ProcrastinationProcrastination is a big problem for many of us. In terms of money, it can result in behaviors and attitudes like:I’ll pay the bills a bit later.I’ll do this business plan later.I might go back to school one day.I’ll write that book once I have time.There are countless examples like that. We think of money and the actions we think might lead to money as “someday in the future”.We identify the problems and perhaps think we have the solutions, but the actions are not immediate but rather something we hope to do “one day”.The procrastinating way of thinking often also comes to play in terms of materialism. When we think money can solve things and better and newer things are the solution, we push the problems away and into the future.Things like “I’ll be happy once I get a bigger house in the future” are commonplace.However, we don’t stop to think that there is no reason for:Us to not be happy at this point in time, orUs to not buy that bigger house right now.If you thought the second point is obviously because we are at the start of our careers, we haven’t saved enough and so on, you are essentially falling to that victimhood trap â€" you think you can’t have it for external reasons, not your own lack of commitment to having the money right now.Of course, for some people procrastination manifest as total ignorance about money. You might feel it’s not your concern and you shoul dn’t have to think about money.This can, of course, lead to huge money problems â€" you don’t prepare for your retirement, you can’t buy sudden expenses and so on.Sense of immediacyNot everyone goes on the route of procrastination.Some use the fear and limiting beliefs to create a sense of immediacy around money.You feel you must make a lot of money right now, perhaps you feel like the economy won’t be good forever so you need to reap everything you can right now.Your sense of victimhood might also make you feel entitled to more money â€" I work so hard so I must make more.   The problem with this is that it can easily result in bad judgment.There are tons of improper ways of earning money, such as stealing it from others or signing up with a dodgy pyramid scheme. These are designed to quench our thirst for immediate gains but naturally, won’t work as a long-term solution.If you prioritize money over other things in your life, you also risk feeling unhappy.When you feel yo u just need to make as much money as possible right now, you might not have time to enjoy your friends, start a family or live your dreams â€" one day you’ll realize you spent all your life sitting in the office and the huge bank balance might suddenly not feel worth it.CHANGING YOUR INNER MONEY PSYCHOLOGYSo, if those are the problems how can you go about changing them?The simple answer is that you need to shift your attitudes. If you can’t change your thinking, then you can’t solve your money problems. Only by getting rid of the harmful and toxic stories, can you replace them with better ones and start being the master of money instead of having it control you.There are two important things to understand about money psychology at this point.First, you have money triggers which can occur even when you aren’t directly involved with money. These are the stories you’ve been telling yourself and the emotional reactions you might have.For example, an emotional trigger such as a loss of friendship can make you reach out to your credit card. Identifying these will be an essential part of becoming a master in money.The second point is about the money traps around you. There are schemes and situations out there in which you won’t make money no matter how good you are â€" things like Ponzi schemes are out there and will be hurtful for your bank account.These are real problems and you need to be aware of them in order to avoid them.Realizations you must makeThe realizations you need to make are not rocket science.However, if you’ve ever tried to stick to a diet or exercise routine, you know that change is not always easy.You need to make sure you identify your story and that you fully understand the psychological barriers you have created. After this, you can start using the below realizations to create a healthier story about money.Here are the key realizations you should come to about money:The trap of materialism exists and I must be aware of it. Money c an buy things, but you can easily be sucked into the rabbit hole of materialism. There will always be a newer smartphone to buy or a bigger house you can get. You need to realize the trap and understand that money cannot fulfill your other needs.Money won’t solve other problems in my life. As eluded above, you must also realize that money is not powerful enough to solve your other problems. You can’t buy relationships with money or repair a broken heart. You can try, but you won’t succeed.Money is not evil or inherently good. While it’s super easy to blame money for the problems, money isn’t inherently evil or good â€" money just is. It can be a force for good (feed hungry children) but it can also do evil things (corruption, prostitution, etc.)Money is not a win-lose situation. Similar to the above notion, you also need to realize that money is not either win or lose. In fact, a great example of this would be the whole practice of investing. Sometimes you win and sometime s you lose.I am 100% responsible for my money situation. The bottom line and the most important realization you can make is the above one. Your current money situation is not the fault of the economy or your spouse or your cat â€" you are responsible for your money situation. You have the power to change it because you have the power to change your approach and attitude to money.It can be helpful to make these into your own ‘money mantras’ â€" when you notice yourself falling for money traps or triggers, you can take a moment and remind yourself of the above.HOW TO START MASTERING MONEYThe realizations alone are not enough and you can take other steps in order to strengthen your money game.But before I outline the strategies that help you master money, there is something important you must realize.There is no blueprint for solving money problems or for making money â€" in fact, the above should have taught you to stop thinking more money is the only way to go.You’ll master mon ey by realizing your own unique stories and identifying the internal psychological barriers you’ve created.You need to take them down by changing your thinking and dialogue about money.This can be difficult and the methods vary.However, when you are able to internalize those important realizations, then you can move on to mastering money and improving your money situation with the following steps.Learn about moneyThe more you know about money, the better able you are to master it.If you don’t know how mortgages work at all, then you are more prone to making mistakes or falling for a bad deal.It really is rather straightforward â€" by increasing your knowledge about money, you improve your ability to control and manage it.Therefore, if you want to master money, your first step is to learn everything you can about money. What is money? How does it work?There are great resources to do this and you don’t need to get an Economics degree to know more about money. Some great resource s in terms of learning about money include:InvestopediaKhan AcademyMotley FoolThe Behaviour GapDave Ramsey’s blogThese books about moneyFurthermore, for most people, things like how to save and invest are important. These should be among the basics you want to learn about and you can then expand your understanding as you deepen your relationship with money.For example, if you want to launch a business, don’t do it without learning about the financial side of running a business.The benefit of knowledge is the increased awareness. You learn to recognize the pitfalls and the money traps around you.You realize getting a seventh credit card is not financially rational at this point because you know it can damage your credit score and you are actually better of increasing the credit limit in one of your other cards.Creating a long-term strategyWhen it comes to solving money, you can have two major problems in terms of strategic thinking. You can either:Focus too much on short-term gai ns, orFocus too much on long-term gainsEither approach is going to hurt you because you don’t have a balanced view.You might overlook the need to have money in the future, finding yourself thirty years down the line without any pension plan.Alternatively, you might focus on saving for the future, without being able to enjoy the moment or dealing with an immediate money crisis.Therefore, you need a long-term strategy that ensures your finances are in order now and in the future. How to do it? You need to start with two simple steps:Listing out and understanding all of your current sources of income.  Including regular income such as salary, as well as irregular income such as occasional rental income from a holiday home.Listing out and understanding all of your current sources of spending.  Including regular spending such as gas and electricity bills, together with more irregular spending such as entertainment or clothes spendingThis gives you and understanding of what your current situation is and makes it easier to focus on the two cornerstones of a strategic money plan:Investing, andSavingYour focus has to be in having a strategy to invest and save both in short- and long-term. You need an investment strategy that could quickly yield income for you, as well as a long-term strategy for ensuring you continuously expand your savings.In addition, it’s crucial to identify how you can start generating income without much effort. Passive income is a key part of a good money game. For more information on the topic, check out the inspiring TED talk: Adopting proper money habits and disciplineNow that you’re aware of money and you have crafted a strategic vision for obtaining it, you can move on to building better money habits and discipline around money.The easiest way to do this is by creating a proper budget aligning with the above goals. Your budget has to focus on the following information:Knowing your weekly, monthly, and annual incomeCalculate the expense s and the incomeCreate a detailed list of the sourcesMonitoring the progress of your spending on a weekly, monthly and annual basisAllows you to recognize the trends in your spending habits or income sources Source: budgeting-wantsversusneeds.wikispaces.comYou also need to become face-to-face with your money triggers and any emotional problems you might have that result in bad money habits.For example, your food bill might be unreasonable high because your relationship with food is not balanced â€" perhaps you feed your loneliness with over-eating.The problem is not fixed by simply watching your spending like a hawk, but through fixing the emotional issue triggering you to spend.If you find yourself suffering from emotional problems that manifest in money problems, you should take personal development courses or talk to councilors.Don’t worry about the money at this point, but focus on removing the emotional blockage first.Ensuring money is a by-product of your passionAbove all, mastering money means understanding it is something that just happens as a by-product of your passion.If you listen to any business leader, they will tell you need to be passionate about your business for it to succeed. The same echoes directly to making money in general â€" if you do something you are passionate about the money will follow.The idea doesn’t mean you couldn’t make tons of money.Rather, the aim is to ensure what you are doing is not because of money â€" that money is just a positive coincidence.For example, you might make a lot of money investing in property. The reason you are successful is not because you wanted to find a field where you can make a lot of money (indeed, plenty of people lose on the property market), but because you are doing something you are passionate about.You love investing in properties and your passion drives you to learn more and be better at it â€" because you gain more knowledge, you also gain more money.It works the same with things like arts. If writing is your passion, then you need to find a way to put your heart and soul into it. To find the ways you can make money with your passion â€" writing books or becoming a copywriter.What’s imp ortant is that money isn’t the driving force for the things you do. You don’t write, or draw, or invest, or play video games in order to make money, but you do something you are passionate about and get money as a by-product.THE BOTTOM LINE ABOUT MASTERING MONEYYour problems with money are not solved by economics.Whether you can’t save enough or you don’t know how to solve your debts, the answer to your problems doesn’t come from finding a way to have more money, but solving your inner story.What do you tell yourself about money and your ability to have it and manage it?You can only get on top of your money issues and master money if you identify and change your attitude. You need to detach the emotion from money â€" it isn’t evil and it isn’t good.It’s a neutral vehicle and it definitely isn’t the solution to your problems.Once you realize you can take the steps to mastering it- you can learn more about it, create proper strategies and behaviors and ensure your li fe doesn’t revolve around it.

The Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing Cosmetics - 1499 Words

It is human nature that drives us to focus on the improvement of ourselves and the community we live in. Humanity as a whole is constantly on the search for new and innovative ways to improve our lives and to make the world a better, safer place for all. Becoming educated on current topics is a key tool to understanding the way the world works around us. Not only that, but an education also allows for the development of morals, a sense of right and wrong, to take form. Without morals, it would be impossible for society to form let alone function. A current topic in which we are at battle with today is the case of testing cosmetic products on animals. Although many cosmetic companies believe that animal testing cosmetics is morally sound, I†¦show more content†¦that even though humans might be considered the superior species since the majority of us are more intelligent than most animals, and therefore have a higher ability to feel pain. It is noted by Gluck that â€Å"the p roblem with this proposal-a problem that poses a grave difficulty for those attempting to provide a justification of animal use-is that not all human beings share in these characteristics to the same degree,† (Gluck 15). For example, babies have about as much logical since as the animals being tested on, but they are never tested on. Gluck believes that in the future of animal testing, the scientists should ask themselves about all animals tested â€Å"what do they perceive? How Does it interact with the environment? Is this experiment really needed? Can it be replaced? Could the research be designed differently in the future?† (Gluck 47). By asking these questions, Gluck is specifically stating a list of moral inquiries companies and scientists alike should ask themselves before continuing their experiments. If these questions can be answered properly, it can be argued that this is the moral moral approach to testing cosmetics on animals, if at all. Going on to study a more specific case of animal testing cosmetic products, Pauline McNamee and her team of other scientific experts have found alternative approaches to a in vivo rabbit DraizeShow MoreRelatedShould Animal Testing Be Used For Scientific Or Commercial Testing? Essay1405 Words   |  6 Pagessemester. Animal testing is a broad and controversial topic to many people because scientist and doctors are testing products on animals. Instead of testing on animals there are other ways to test products on. To prevent animal testing, one can buy cruelty-free products, educate others, help stop cosmetic testing or make donations to organizations that are against testing on animals. For my topic, I choose to research whether animals should be used for scientific or commercial testing. I intendRead MoreAnimal Testing and The Animal Welfare Act1417 Words   |  6 PagesMany scientists claim that without animal testing, medical breakthroughs and research would not have progressed to where it is today. Some people claim that animals do not have rights and mankind naturally has dominion over them, making it acceptable to use them for scientific experimentation. This is simply not true. Animals can feel pain. They can suffer. One critic of animal testing maintains that pain is an intrinsic evil, and any act that causes pain in any other creature is morally wrong (Andre)Read MoreAnimal Testing And Its Effects On Human Health1146 Words   |  5 PagesMillions of animals suffer and die unnecessarily each year as they become subjects for medical testing and other horrendous experiments. Although some people believe such activities are necessary to progress in medical research, in reality it does very little to improve human health and development. 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Their are those who believe that it is okayRead MorePersuasive Essay On Animal Testing704 Words   |  3 PagesAnimal testing has been a around since 384 BC. â€Å"Some testing methods require the animal to; die, be exposed to radiation, remove or expose organs, or subject animals to trauma to create depression and/or anxiety.† (â€Å"THE LEADING SOURCE FOR PROS CONS OF CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES†) Animal tests and human results only coordinate about 5- 25% of the time. Not only is it inhumane, but it isnt even all that reliable. Not to mention, it`s an insufficient waste of government money. Yes it has helped us in vaccineRead MoreJunior Rios. Britschgi. English 3. March 21St, 2017. Animal1004 Words   |  5 PagesBritschgi English 3 March 21st, 2017 Animal Testing Throughout the years the use of animals in medical research has been a hot debate around the world. Although animal testing may be cruel and inhumane, thousands of humans are saved thanks to the research that animals supply researchers with. Animals testing have taken over our knowledge of medicine and treatments to a whole different level. Animal testing also does this in a cheap and effective way. Without animals testing out knowledge wouldn’t be up toRead MoreEssay on The Controversy of Animal Testing1172 Words   |  5 Pagesconditions that many animals are forced to live under. Animal testing is defined as the use of non-human animals in research and development projects (dictionary.com). All kinds of animals such as rabbits, dogs, mice, and guinea pigs are used to test the safety of food additives, industrial chemicals, cosmetics, drugs, household products and much more. Universities, pharmaceutical companies, and medical schools are examples of institutions that use animal testing. This subjectRead MoreThe Animal Welfare Act ( Awa )897 Words   |  4 Pages Some scientist argue animals often make better research subjects than humans. Certain scientists believe this because many animals have a shorter life cycle than humans. In the same manner that mice are one of the most used animals for medical research testing, they live for only two to three years. Scientist are able to study the effects of treatments or genetic manipulation over a whole lifespan and even across several generations. By doing this scientists are able to develop new medicine andRead MoreEssay about Animal Testing605 Words   |  3 PagesAnimals have long sense been a part of human life. The dog for example is thought to have been the first animal to be domesticated by humans, sometime around 13,000–10,000 B.C., from wolves. It is not known for sure how humans gained the trust of the Canines but in any event they did, and soon found dogs to be re liable companions. Animals have aided us any many ways, from offering protection and companionship. They should be respected and loved for loyalty; however it has been a very common practiceRead MoreAnimal Testing : Is It Beneficial For The World1106 Words   |  5 PagesSergio Ramon Mr.Rear English III 30 June 2015 Animal Testing: Is it really Beneficial For The World â€Å"Over 100 million animals are burned, crippled, poisoned, and abused in US labs every year† (11 Facts). Animal testing is a very flawed creation in today’s world. This innovation has caused much harm to many animals while also hurting the opinions of animal activists around the world. Animal testing is also known as the use of animals in experiments and development projects usually to determine toxicity

Space Constraints Will Not Allow For A Complete Overview...

Space constraints will not allow for a complete overview of the vast literature on northern aid policies towards Africa in general. As such, this literature is heavily focused on trends in aid quality and quantity, as it relates to the Cameroonian question (Lumsdaine 1993Í ¾ Therien 2000Í ¾ OECD annual Development Cooperation reports). There is also a strong emphasis on the evolution of aid policy in the wake of particular events e.g. the end of the Cold war (Cumming 2001Í ¾ Lancaster 1999), 9/11(Macrae 2005Í ¾ Howell 2010), the Arab Spring (Frot 2012Í ¾ Independent Commission for Aid Impact Report 2013) or particular development strategies such as structural adjustment (Wilson 1993Í ¾ Wuyts 1995) or good governance as it relates to the disbursement of aid (Crawford 1996Í ¾ Epstein 2008). More specifically, Van Dijk (2009) underlines the increasing activities of the Chinese in Africa. Zahariadis et al. (2000) highlight the limited involvement of America on the African continen t, in particular in East Africa. Those studies, when taken together, link directly to the hypothesis of the thesis which focuses on France’s post independence behaviour, and the way in which it contrasts with the aid behaviour or its global peers. French policy makers make decisions and policy that dictate the way in which aid is disbursed, should result in change in instruments used, and the aid tends seen on the ground. However, literature indicates that it often fails to follow the logical, or indicate, pattern.Show MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesJean H. Quataert 116 5 The Impact of the Two World Wars in a Century of Violence †¢ John H. Morrow Jr. 161 6 Locating the United States in Twentieth-Century World History †¢ Carl J. 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Has Globalization Transformed International Politics Free Essays

string(166) " which suggests that if global networks exist, national ones are in danger, and thus globalization would cause the erosion of the power of the state \(Weis, 2000, p\." Has Globalization transformed International Politics? Introduction A wide debate on how globalization affects global governance has taken place during the last years. Globalists and sceptics have argued about the transformations going on, their nature and importance. As Chanda notes, throughout history, interconnections between states and people have been growing (Chanda, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Has Globalization Transformed International Politics? or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, globalization seems to have pushed these changes to a point in which a new global order arises, threatening to transform the essence of international politics. This essay will explore the ideas that have raised around the issue of globalization within international politics, trying to give a response on whether they have suffered a transformation or not. With this purpose, I will first try to give a proper and widely accepted definition of globalization. On a second section, I will look at the different perspectives defended by globalists and sceptics, as the theories proposed by both are quite relevant to understand the reach of the current circumstances. In order to give a response to the question of the title, in a third section I will focus on different areas of global governance, analysing how globalization is supposed to have transformed politics. I will refer to issues of cooperation, sovereignty, welfare, economy and security, considering the arguments of both globalists and sceptics as means to find a conclusive answer. In every section, I will try to give a personal response to every enquiry previously raised. Finally, I will end with a conclusion in which I will try give a general answer to the question on whether globalization has transformed international politics or not. Defining some concepts Defining globalization and its nature seems necessary in order to understand the issues that it has raised. Reaching a consensus on the definition of globalization is quite complicated. As Kiras, (in Baylis, 2005, p. 480) notes, it is a phenomena open to subjective interpretation and, consequently, definitions differ widely. However, it is possible to find some basic characteristics that most theorists have pointed about globalization. As a very simple explanation, Scholte (cited by Mingst, in Vayvr , p. 89) defines globalization as â€Å"the emergence and spread of a supraterritorial dimension of social relations†. Meanwhile, Thomas (cited in Clark, 1998, p. 481) defined it as â€Å"the process whereby power is located in global social formations and expressed through global networks rather than through territorially-based states†. These two general descriptions suggest that globalization is about a vast growth of interconnections between societies, governments and trade actors around the world. Summing both definitions, it can be argued that globalization is as a process that involves a shift in the spatial scale of the human social organization of our world, linking distant communities and expanding the reach of power relations through all the continents. Held (1997, p. 253) that this shift that characterizes globalization involves that day-to-day activities become progressively influenced by events taking place in other places around the planet, even those on the other side. In addition, globalization implies that actions and decisions adopted by local minority groups can have an important impact on the global issues. Thus, globalization is a multidimensional condition. It involves mostly every aspect of life. Social, technological, cultural, economic and political spheres are affected by and take part in the process of globalization. Increasing flows of power, capital, labour force, information and ideas is another of its basic characteristics. Globalization has been usually defined as a matter taking place out of the human control. However, Mingst (1999, p. 9) clarifies that this process is not inexorable and argues that â€Å"what is critical in globalization theory is the recognition that people perceive that this process is actually taking place, although not all are similarly affected†. The reach of globalization Although some consensus can be reached when defining the basic characteristics of globalization and the transformations that it ca uses, the problem comes when trying to specify the reach of its consequences and its real importance. As Rosenberg points the globalization debate is not about the reality of the change. It is about the significance and the nature of these changes that are taking place, and about the driving forces behind them (Rosenberg, 2005, p. 43). There has traditionally been a great division between globalists and sceptics. Globalists maintain that there are important transformations taking place in the world which are leading to a radically different new order. On the other hand, sceptics sustain that these changes are not that significant (Weis, 1999, p. 59). It can be argued that globalists see globalization as a threat for the current order. They think that international politics, global economy and social relations around the world will suffer a huge transformation due to globalization. Meanwhile, sceptics suggest that, although it is true that some changes are taking place, none of them will modify the essence of power and economy relations. There are two basic points in which globalists and sceptics disagree. The first one refers to the dilemma of whether globalization has led to transcendence of territory, meaning that cross border and open-border relations have been substituted by trans-border relations. Sceptics believe that transcendence of territorial space is not possible, as all transactions take place inside national defined borders and are subject to the laws of the state in which they operate (Weis, 2000, p. 61). The second divergence refers to the weight of these new transnational networks within the national and international panorama. Globalists see that there is an increasing influence in all fields, while sceptics state that globalization is mainly a financial phenomenon that affects some capital markets. When referring to international politics, the divergence between globalist and sceptic authors is also notable. Globalists believe that globalization implies a drastic power shift that restricts the capacities or national organisms, institutions and policies and favours the emergence of non-national actors. Even some sceptics have agreed with this theory, suggesting that globalization within international politics is about actors winning or losing power. Furthermore, there is a popular belief which suggests that if global networks exist, national ones are in danger, and thus globalization would cause the erosion of the power of the state (Weis, 2000, p. You read "Has Globalization Transformed International Politics?" in category "Papers" 4). However, it is not clear whether this theory overemphasises the changes in power without indentifying its sources. Thus, when discussing if globalization has affected International Politics, the main objective is trying to define if states have been more or less affected by the issues that globalization has raised. Of course there is always the trouble of the difficulty that it implies trying to give substance to the notions of ‘more’ or ‘less’. However, what we can do is looking at different issues within nternational politics and analyzed the way in which globalization has transformed them –consequently changing the way in which states and international actors address these problems. That will be the task for the next section. How has globalization affected international politics? In a wide context, globalization has increased the demand for new policies aiming to address global problems that have appeared, showing certain limitations of current international organizations and states. Globalization has raised the problem of transborder networks becoming more relevant than local, regional and international ones. Together with it, theories on how the authority of states has been eroded have flourished. Governments acting within the power network of international relations seem to have overshadowed their own policy preferences in order to support others and avoid incurring high costs. Thus, economic integration and political interdepence appear to be keys of understanding the changes that globalization is pushing within international politics. Now, I will focus on the main areas in which globalization is sought to have exerted an important influence on the issues of governance. International cooperation Krahmann (2003, p. 29) remarked that many authors emphasize the fact that, through the years, global governance has been concentrated in specific regions, mainly in the developed countries, due to the concentration on power and trade networks in this areas. However, he points that this situation has been gradually shifting into a new panorama. Especially since the end of the Cold War, globaliza tion has been seen as force of change. As Weis also notes, â€Å"an unprecedented widening and deepening of international cooperation has led some to maintain that the nature of the state and of world politics are being fundamentally transformed† (Weis, 1999, p. 6). Globalization is one of the causes of states cooperating over more areas and not monopolizing the control over internal issues when they could have international consequences. International institutions and treaties have multiplied in the last years. Their expanding web has come to regulate all the problems of interstate activities. States have recognized the limitations of their capacities when addressing global problems and, as Krahman states, globalization has contributed to the creation of new networks among governments, implying international organizations, NGOs and even smaller community groups. States have continued to play a central role on international politics. However, there is little doubt that this kind of organizations, together with multinational corporations, are increasingly participating in the regulation and formulation of international policies, promoting cooperation between international actors. The absence of a global authority within international governance is also one of the reasons for the rise in cooperation (Vayrynen, 1999). However, some doubts arise contrary to these evidences. There is not real prove that globalization has been the main cause for this expansion of international organizations. Moreover, it is not clear proliferation of these new entities is really pushing forward a relevant transformation on international politics. In fact, Rosenberg (2005, p. 43) points that rather than states decision-making being undermined by the rise of international organizations, a â€Å"vigorous re-assertion of great power national interests† has taken place. Nevertheless, if globalists were true and globalization is actually transforming cooperation within International Politics, I would argue that this transformation is positive, rather than negative. If that is true, it could be argued that globalization of technologies and information has revealed to the whole world certain issues that were hushed up. It has made governments and people more conscious of problems taking place in countries that they have never thought about. The fast international mobilization after 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean is a good example of how cooperation has improved. Sovereignty Mingst (in Vayrynen, 1999, p. 90) defends that globalization of information and economy has challenged the state, as it sees â€Å"its sovereignty undermined and constrained and its structures unable to provide the necessary public goods†. Focusing the issues of sovereignty, Mingst and others have noted that the ability of states to initiate actions has been reduced and its sovereignty has been circumscribed. Krahman (2003, p. 333) pointed that this loss of sovereignty leads to a fragmentation of authority which benefits three entities that become increasingly powerful: subnational groups, upranational organizations and private or voluntary actors –such as NGOs or Transnational Corporations (TNCs). Thus, decision-making capacities which were traditionally taken by national states are increasingly being devolved to specific actors. Globalists have described a picture in which globalized system and people are divided, as citizens are still determined by the st ructure of the state even when their confidence in national sovereignty has been eroded. That would lead to the renaissance of national links and the reaffirmation of cultural, religious or ethnic identities (Castells, 1997, p. 74). Globalists continue of affirm that this situation would lead to the end of the current state-centric world defined by both realists and liberalists (Mingst, in Vayrynen, 1999, p. 90). From a more sceptic position, the threat on sovereignty does not seem so disturbing. â€Å"The danger is not that states will end up as marginal institutions, but that meaner, more repressive ways of organizing the state’s role will be accepted as the only way of avoiding the collapse of public institutions†, says Evans (1997, p. 64). The fact that economic or other kind of gains can be pursued without help of sovereignty does not imply that the sovereignty of the state is compromised. Thus, it seems more likely to think of globalization as a tool to reconstitute the capacity of the state, rather than eroding it. Nor even civil society does not seem a likely substitute –as some globalists have pointed (Falk, 2005, p. 222)– for public institutions of government. In fact, the growth of these kinds of new actors requires solid state powers in order to develop properly. Both international and local actors need vigorous capable organizational counterparts in the state. As Evans pointed, â€Å"a move toward less capable and involved states will make it more difficult for civic associations to achieve their goals† (Evans, 1997, p. 82). Rather than globalization challenging the power and the integrity of the state, certain authors see a picture in which both engage in everlasting reciprocal regulation that ends up redefining the state itself (Clark, 1998). Clark remarks that one of the main issues within globalization is its challenge to the realization of democracy. Globalization requires a new way of behaving in the international sphere that cannot consist on merely extending domestic practices to international activities. As he argues, it is not possible to maintain that â€Å"aggregation of democratic states produces democratic multirateralism†. In this context, the theory of the ideological pendulum proposed by Evans (Evans, 1997, p. 83) looks like the better explanation for all this changes. We are witnessing the end of an era in which the states tried to handle with more issues than what they really could. Now the new tendency is the contrary, as there is an excessive pessimism on the capacities of states (Rodrik, 1997a, p. 413). The excessive optimism on the states capabilities is turning into a situation in which it sees necessary ceding part of its sovereignty to other entities. However, this does not mean that sovereignty is in danger, nor even that states will lose their central role. As Chanda suggests, throughout history states have been able to give response to wide or global problems without surrendering or compromising its sovereignty (Chanda, 1998). The dismantling of the welfare state? Taking again in consideration Mingst definition of the challenges of globalization for the state, we see that the second one referred to the guarantees of social welfare that governments can provide. He asserted that in an era of globalization states structures are â€Å"unable to provide the necessary public goods† (Mingst, in Vayrynen, 1999, p. 90). Many globalists blame globalization for the dismantling of the welfare state and the expansion of the division between rich and poor in more developed states. In the global era, national economies are exposed to fluctuations that they cannot control and that affect their capacities to provide traditional welfare conditions (Hirst and Thompson, 1999, p. 164). Rieger (in Held and McGrew, 2000) states that there is a real globalization pressure which seeks to minimize welfare state –mainly from private enterprises, especially TNCs. The power of trade unions has been apparently eroded and democracies seem to become more restrictive. Firms that operate in globalized and integrated markets suffer major cost differentials in social benefits and, thus, globalization seems to threaten the welfare state. In addition, in a period of globalization, the number of citizens depending on the welfare states increases –as a consequence of migration and movement of labour force– and governments become unable to afford welfare. Moreover, the integration of markets on global levels leaves no space for welfare states in which the rates of labour productivity and production quality are similar. Thus, globalist authors suggest that the only way for avoiding that globalization ends up with the welfare state is by signing new international social contracts (Castells, 1997, p. 253). If we take in consideration this theory, it would be quite clear that globalization has transformed the way in which governments have to deal with welfare states issues. Moreover, it would mean that the global order is pushing for a renewal of the international policies within this field. However, sceptics have a totally different vision of the problem. Rieger, for instance, admits that although it is possible to see a pressure of globalization on welfare state, this pressure is not unsustainable (in Held and McGrew, 2000). Sceptics argue that globalization has not brought any drastic dismantling of the welfare state. In fact, it seems even more difficult to change the status quo of the welfare state as the pressure of globalization becomes stronger. In fact, studies have demonstrated that globalization does not affect wages, employment or income inequality; especially in countries were the welfare state is strong (Slaughter and Swagel 1997). Consequently, it would be possible to conclude that globalization is not transforming international policies related to the welfare state in a crucial way. Governments are, in fact, renewing their policies constantly, but there is no real evidence that the new global order has reduced states’ capability to provide welfare to its citizens. Political economy Globalization of economy and trade has traditionally been seen as the main responsible for the loss of authority of the states within international politics. Globalists state that prosperity and power are increasingly a consequence of private business between private actors across the boundaries of countries. Transactions taking place inside national borders have lost weight, and thus globalists assert that, within global economy, â€Å"it has become harder to sustain the image of states as the preeminent actors at the global level† (Nettl, cited in Evans, 1997, p. 65). Globalists believe that nowadays private actors make the decisions on which territory is included in the global markets or excluded from the global production networks. Thus, states are seen merely as mediators, which just can try to make their nations attractive for investors, but they cannot run the global economy system. In fact, it has been mentioned that states engaging in policies contraries to the interests of financial actors would be punished with measures such as a decline of their currencies or its access to capital (Evans, 1997, p. 67). Furthermore, globalists state that even the own market can react against hostile decisions of states. â€Å"Capital has long demonstrated willingness and ability to react to what it perceives as unfavourable policies† says Weis (1999, p. 8). Taking these arguments in consideration, it could be argued that globalization has undermined the power of states within political economy, thus radically transforming this aspect of international politics. However, some sceptic authors, such as Rodrik (in Nye, 2000, p. 349) state that economic globalization is far away from being extended as it seems. He think s that â€Å"international economic integration remains remarkably limited†. In fact, some arguments support this theory. There are still great obstacles for the global market, such as tariff barriers or linguistic and cultural differences. National borders have not disappeared, contrary to what most globalist theorists argue, and their restrictions and rules are still relevant in most international transactions. Moreover, the levels of investments in national assets are still higher that internationals. There are still strict restrictions for the mobility of labour around the world. Thus, Rodrik suggests that â€Å"while formal barriers to trade and capital flows have been substantially reduced over the past three decades, international markets for goods, services, and capital are not nearly as thick as they would be under complete integration†. It is possible to argue, as Evans does, that the role of states within international political economy is not undermined by the fact of its becoming increasingly dependent on private actors and global trade. In fact, it has been proved that the bigger is the reliance on trade, the more important is the role of the state (Evans, 1997, p. 68). Thus, powerful and involved states are more likely to participate actively within global markets. Then, the role of the state is not really undermined, and even â€Å"high stateness† can be a competitive advantage. It can be argued that globalization is not responsible for the growth of the multilateral economic order; neither is it a cause of undermining the power of states as international actors. Then, if some crucial transformations have taken place during the last years within international political economy, it would be unfair to blame globalization. Globalization of crime As a final point, I will briefly refer to one of the issues that has been more present within international politics in the last years. National security is one of the main problems pointed to have emerged as a big challenge of globalization. As Kiras (in Baylis, 2005, p. 482) pointed, globalization of technologies and information has improved the capabilities of terrorists. Communication and mobility of people across the borders is increasing, and this gives more facilities for criminals to act. Apart from terrorism, a new global organized crime seems to have emerged, conditioning certain economic and political aspects of international politics and, moreover, destabilizing national governments (Castells, 1997). In fact, there is a growing importance of economic flows with criminal origin –such as those coming from the illegal weapons or drugs markets. Whether globalization can be blamed for these circumstances or not is a difficult question to be answered. However, it is clear that this is one of the issues that have transformed international politics in a more crucial way. Governments are not able to fight with this new global crime by themselves, so they are moving towards multilateralism in foreign policy and defence (Castells, 1997). Whether this multilateralism is something that erodes the autonomy of the states or just a positive cooperative measure is a question that still needs to be answered. Conclusion The debate between globalists and sceptics is still continuing nowadays. However, recent events have come to support the theories of the latter ones. As Rosenberg points, globalization has not transformed the essence of international politics. The new global and radically distinct order that globalists had announced is not a reality. Little essential changes have taken place (Rosenberg, 2005, p. 3). While examining the issues of sovereignty, welfare or trade that globalization has raised, it is possible to perceive that it has pushed some transformations. However, most of them are not significant. Moreover, it is not quite clear in what grade globalization is responsible for them. Nevertheless, it can be argued that the global order is not undermining the power of the state. Instead, states that are strong and participative seem to be more powerful and play a more important role within the issues of globalization. As Clark stated, instead of globalization eroding the capacities of states, it is more appropriate to sustain that globalization in a process parallel to an apparent reconstruction of the state (Clark, 1998, p. 491). International politics are suffering a shift on the policies that they need to apply in fields like welfare and finance. Although this shift does not affect the nature of international politics, it seems necessary to preserve the predominant position of traditional states. New private and public powers are arising, and governments need to learn to deal with them in order to keep their status. There are also new threats that states cannot fight for themselves. Thus a growing cooperation is necessary to resolve the problems of the world. Bibliography Aas, K. F. (2007), Globalization and Crime, SAGE Publications, London Baylis, J. And Smith, S. (2005, 3rd edition), The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, Oxford University Press Castells, M. (1997), The Power of Identity, Blackwell Publishers Clark, I. (1998), Beyond the Great Divide: globalization and the theory of international relations, Review of International Studies, 24, pp. 479-498 Chanda, N. (2008), Runaway globalization without governance, Global Governance, 14 (2) Evans P. (1997), The Eclipse of the State? , World Politics, n. 50 Falk, R. (2005), Reimagining the Governance of Globalization, in Appelbaum, R. and Robinson, W. Critical Globalization Studies, Routledge Held, D. (1997), Democracy and Globalization, Global Governance, 3, pp. 251-267 Held, D. and McGrew A. (2000), The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate, Polity Press Hirst, P. and Thompson, G. (1999, 2nd edition), Globalization in question, Polity Press Krahmann E. (2003), National, Regional and Global Governance : One Phenomenon or Many, Global Governance, 9 Mingst, K. A. (1999), Global Governance: The American Perspective, in Vayrinen, R. , Globalization and Global Governance, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Nye, J. S. and Donahue, J. D. (2000), Governance in a Globalizing World, Brookings Institution Press Rieger, E. and Leibfried, S. (2000), Welfare State Limits to Globalization, in Held, D. and McGrew A. , The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate, Polity Press Rodrik, D. (1997a), The Paradoxes of the Successful State, European Economic Review, Volume 41, Issues 3-5, April Rodrik, D. (1997b), Sense and Nonsense in the Globalization Debate, Foreign Policy Rodrik, D. (2000), Governance of Economic Globalization, in Nye, J. S. and Donahue, J. D. Governance in a Globalizing World, Brookings Institution Press Rosenberg, J. (2005), Globalisation Theory: A Post Mortem, International Politics Sassen, S. (1996), Losing Control? Sovereignty in an Age of Globalization, New York Slaughter, M. J. and Swagel, P. (1997) Does Globalization Lower Wages and Export Jobs? , International Monetary Fund available at http://www. imf. org/external/pubs/ft/issues11 (accessed 7 Dec ember 2009) Vayrynen, R. (1999), Globalization and Global Governance, Rowman and Littlefield Publishers Weis, L. (1999), Globalization and National Governance, Review of International Politics How to cite Has Globalization Transformed International Politics?, Papers

Looking for the Real Thing The Coca

It was 1886, and fizzy drinks were clearly becoming a thing, soda fountains gradually becoming the most popular places all over the country.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Looking for the Real Thing: The Coca-Cola Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A failure by his very nature, pharmacist John Pemberton decided to try his luck in doing something that was popular at the time, and came up with a new soda fountain drink that could become the â€Å"real thing† and stand out of the range of similar drinks as the ultimate â€Å"champion†. Coca-Cola was the result (Cox, 2008, 113). Down home foodie: 2012 (2012). Retrieved from http://goo.gl/7Ey58D Unfortunately, the Coca-Cola Company is facing several major external threats at present, the growing impact of Pepsi and Dr. Pepper on the soda market being the key one (Deichert, Ellenbecker, Klehr Pesrachick, 2006). A company whose name has b ecome the synonym of the product, Coca-Cola is still not ready to fight a strong, seeing how the recent crisis that the relocation into the global market cot the firm affected Coca-Cola’s stock price. Therefore, the increase in the authority of such companies as PepsiCo and Dr. Pepper/7-Up is the greatest threat for Coca-Cola at present. Another obvious external threat concerns the lack of interest in customers towards Coca-Cola and its products. Coca-Cola’s leader’s unwillingness to change the traditional course of the company and take chances with brand new products may easily lead to customers losing interest.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Perhaps, the given step is rather wise in the light of tight competition – once a company fails with a new product, the rivals will use this failure as a chance to take the company’s place in the mar ket. There is no need to stress that in food production, practically every single outside market factor maters greatly for a company in shaping its reputation and, therefore, the process of achieving the company’s goals. Specifically for Coca-Cola, sociocultural and global factors should be pointed out as the ones of the greatest influence. At first, the given factors might seem only a minor element of the general structure; on a second thought, however, one must agree that these two are especially important for Coca-Cola in the XXI century. To start with, the sociocultural factor is one of the key concerns at present. Unfortunately, due to the recent surge of concerns and false accusations of Coca-Cola being an extremely harmful drink, the company may easily be facing another crisis in 2014. For instance, such reports as Zmuda’s article clearly do not add to the Coca-Cola company’s popularity among its target audience: â€Å"the group is frustrated that Coca-C ola doesn’t spend more money advertising its healthier brands, like Honest Tea† (Zmuda, 2013, October 21, para. 4). True, the company tried to rebut the false accusations by providing its own account of the effects that the drink has on people and even creating the line of product that supposedly had a positive effect on heart health (Coca-Cola, 2012), yet the reputation of â€Å"Killer Coke† seems to have a very strong staying power. Regardless of the numerous attacks of critics and adversaries, the company has been thriving so far and even managed to come up with a brand new campaign regarding the Coca-Cola’s latest initiative in striving for people’s health.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Looking for the Real Thing: The Coca-Cola Company Analysis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Not only has the firm enhanced the production of sugarless cola, but also started funding major r esearches on obesity, heart diseases and other health issues: â€Å"Recent new funding includes a large grant from Coca-Cola† (Harcombe, 2013, January 22, para. 4).Therefore, the sociocultural factor, though clearly very ambiguous, seems to have been working for the company’s benefit so far. Speaking of the second factor, one must admit that after entering the global market, Coca-Cola has been dealing with very tough competition, and the latter still remains a major issue. However, apart from difficulties regarding the choice of the right promotion campaign and advertisement strategy, global market offers a number of alluring opportunities. For example, with the acceptance of the free trade agreement, it has become much easier for Coca-Cola to sign agreements with companies all over the world and sell its products not only in the USA, but also in Europe and Asia, thus, increasing its revenues impressively. For instance, entering into a venture partnership with Endomond o seems to have given the company very good chances for increasing its stock price in 2014: â€Å"Under the new global agreement, Coca-Cola will help Endomondo grow its existing user base and enter into new markets and territories, while helping develop the app’s functionality and drive innovation† (Cioletti, 2013, June 1, para. 15). Since Endomondo has an estimated total of around 12,000,000 users (Cioletti, 2013, June 1, para. 14), Coca-Cola will clearly have great chances for attracting even more clientele and enjoying an even greater success. Five forces of competition, the term coined by Michael E. Porter, also shape Coca-Cola’s policy towards its stakeholders greatly. Presupposing that the company should take buyers, competitors, suppliers, entrants and substitutes into account, the given model allows for evaluating the company’s chances for success in the global market. According to the latest reports, Coca-Cola should pay special attention to the substitutes and the competitors. While the statistics on buyers seems to have been quite consistent over the past few decades, the situation with competition has become much more complicated due to the specifics of the globalized environment.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Instead of winning over the SMEs within its home country and quickly becoming the industry leader, Coca-Cola must maintain its status among the companies of equally good reputation and approximately the same income. Hence the tension within the global market of fizzy drinks comes. Of all the companies producing fizzy drinks and the related goods, Pepsi seems to have been the key rival of the company for ions. Surprisingly enough, even though Coca-Cola has clearly gained the status of the world leader in soda production and is nowadays one of the most recognizable brands period, the PepsiCo has not only withstood the defeat, but also faced it with great dignity. More to the point, it has succeeded in its own way, making it obvious to the Coca-Cola Company that the grand fight between the brands, which will help finally define the winner, is yet to come. As InvestorGuide says, the cost per share is $82.95 at present and is yet to rise for PepsiCo: InvestorGuide (2014). Charts for Pep siCo, Inc. Retrieved from http://app.quotemedia.com/quotetools/chartcache/15347.png Although having a rival that is going to replenish its powers soon be the company’s side might not seem a good prospect for Coca-Cola, there are still a couple of advantages about the current situation that are worth pointing out. To start with, the fact that Coca-Cola has relatively few rivals is alone very uplifting. In addition, it will be easy to use the fight with PepsiCo in order to attract even more attention to Coca-Cola and its brand product.  Buyers are another segment of the Five Forces Model that can be used in order to improve the company’s score. Though it is admittedly hard to come up with a new promotion campaign for a company that has practically become a staple of soda production industry, there are enough chances for using the customers’ loyalty for the company’s benefit. Moreover, the aforementioned rivalry with PepsiCo may also stir the buyersâ€℠¢ interest towards the company’s products. Still, the â€Å"buyers† element in the Five Forces Model laves much to be desired in terms of the clients’ loyalty. The Coca-Cola Company needs to keep in mind that a number of people hardly differentiate between the two organizations, seeing how each of the companies is known for creating practically the same products as the other one. One might find the given statement rather doubtful, since there are a number of companies producing soda; it should be noted, though, that both PepsiCo and Coca-Cola are known for creating a diet soda (Diet Pepsi and Diet Coke correspondingly); producing root beer (Mug Root Beer and Barq’s), mineral water (Coca-Cola’s Cristal and PepsiCo’s Aquafina), and so on. Therefore, it is crucial that Coca-Cola should come up with a unique strategy in order to be as different from PepsiCo as possible. When it comes to discussing the strengths of the product, the incredible res ults of Coca-Cola marketing are often brought up. Indeed, judging by the fact that Coca-Cola has practically become a household name over the years of its existence, one must admit that its advertising campaigns have paid off impressively. Not only does the drink stand out of the range of similar soda drinks, but is often related to a number of other nonetheless popular brands, such as the personal of Santa Claus. Coca-Cola Santa Claus (n. d.). Retrieved from http://www.adbranch.com/wp-content/uploads/coca-cola_santa_claus_raiding_the_refrigerator_1937-610Ãâ€"428.jpg Apart from very impressive marketing, Coca-Cola has also become wildly popular due to its grand rivalry with Pepsi. Coke vs. Pepsi (n. d.). Retrieved from http://www.nogarlicnoonions.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Coke-vs-Pepsi5.jpg Sadly, the company also has a number of weaknesses. Speaking of rather basic problems of the brand, its lack of initiative regarding the new avenues of marketing should be mentioned. Apar t from its dubious reputation in terms of its effects on people’s health, Coca-Cola has also faced a rather upsetting drop in its market value. According to the latest report, the product’s price dropped by $0.1, or 0.25%, which resulted in a $0.113 (0.28%) drop in the company’s shares, the latter being reduced to $39.647, with the resulting EPS of 1.929 (InvestorGuide, 2014c). The given tendencies are definitely worth paying more attention to. It seems that Coca-Cola needs a colorful and memorable promotion campaign that will attract more customers. It is also remarkable that Dr. Pepper has recently appeared among Coca-Cola’s major rivals, nearly ousting Pepsi from the picture. InvestorGuide (2014a). Detailed quote for the Coca-Cola Company. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/9l6QLd InvestorGuide (2014b). Detailed quote for Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/Uj3ilb Nevertheless, Coca-Cola’s position among the rest of the soda producing companies seems rather stable. Compared to the previous year, the losses are not that big, which means that the company is capable of using its key strength as the mean to sell the product to the target audience. Speaking of the organization’s resources and capabilities, Coca-Cola sells its product to 200 countries and operates with around 250 Coca-Cola bottlers (Conley, 2012, June 18). Coca-Cola’s value chain also deserves considering closer. To start with, the company has a very interesting strategy for communicating to its suppliers; known as SGP, or Supplier Guiding Principles, it presupposes that the relationships with the partner companies supplying raw material should be based on mutual respect, equality and business integrity (The Coca-Cola Company, 2012). Thus, the outbound logistics of the company seems to be impeccable. Speaking of the inbound logistics, one must mention that the Coca-Cola Company employs retailing research councils, which help the firm define the best possible strategies for delivering its product to the customers on time and in its best condition. Due to the recent introduction of the latest technology into the company’s production process, the latter has been improved quite a few notches; even though it will take time to make sure that every single employee has been trained properly in order to operate the equipment in question, the effects of the technological â€Å"mini-revolution† within a comparatively conservative realm of the Coca-Cola Company can be considered a major breakthrough. The company is also doing extremely well in terms of its outbound logistics, as the recent research shows. Marketing and sales, though, could definitely use some improvement, since the organization has not been making any radical changes in its image for several decades, even though its original gimmick seems to have worn out its welcome in the global market. Reference List Cioletti, A. (2013, June 1). Alway s Coca-Cola. License. Retrieved from http://www.licensemag.com/license-global/always-coca-cola Coca-Cola (2012). Fit – new diet coke commercial – supporting women’s heart health. Retrieved from http://www.coca-colacompany.com/videos/fit-new-diet-coke-commercial-supporting-womens-heart-health Coca-Cola Santa Claus (n. d.). Retrieved from http://www.adbranch.com/wp-content/uploads/coca-cola_santa_claus_raiding_the_refrigerator_1937-610Ãâ€"428.jpg Coke vs. Pepsi (n. d.). Retrieved from http://www.nogarlicnoonions.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/Coke-vs-Pepsi5.jpg Conley, A. (2012, June 18). Coca-Cola resources and capabilities. Retrieved from http://alconley.blogspot.com/2012/06/resources-and-capabilities.html Cox, J. (2008). Sold on radio: Advertisements of the Golden Age of broadcasting. Jefferson, NC: McFarland Company. Deichert, M., Ellenbecker, M., Klehr, E., Pesrachick, L. (2006). Industry analysis: Soft drinks. Retrieved from http://www.csbsju.edu/documents /libraries/zeigler_paper.pdf Down home foodie: 2012 (2012). Retrieved from http://goo.gl/7Ey58D InvestorGuide (2014). Charts for PepsiCo, Inc. Retrieved from http://app.quotemedia.com/quotetools/chartcache/15347.png InvestorGuide (2014a). Detailed quote for the Coca-Cola Company. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/9l6QLd InvestorGuide (2014b). Detailed quote for Dr. Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. Retrieved from http://goo.gl/Uj3ilb InvestorGuide (2014c). The Coca-Cola Company (KO). Retrieved from http://www.investorguide.com/stock.php?ticker=KO The Coca-Cola Company (2012). Supplier guiding principles. http://assets.coca-colacompany.com/1b/d5/9c8554554fd29678c97791e27c83/SGP_Brochure_ENG.pdf Zmuda, N. (2013, October 21). Health ad hits Coke: â€Å"Happiness doesn’t come in a red can. Obesity does.† Advertising Age. Retrieved from http://adage.com/article/news/maryland-based-foundation-attacks-coca-cola/244847/ This essay on Looking for the Real Thing: The Coca-Cola Company Analysis was written and submitted by user Brooklynn K. to help you with your own studies. 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